Sensors: These include GPS, gyroscopes, accelerometers, and magnetometers, providing critical information for flight control, such as position, speed, angular velocity, and direction.
Camera and Gimbal: An important component for drones used in aerial photography or monitoring tasks. The camera captures images and videos, while the gimbal stabilizes the drone's body, reducing shake and improving image quality.
Telemetry System: This wireless communication system is responsible for transmitting images and videos captured by the drone back to the ground station in real-time.
Remote Controller and Receiver: The remote controller is used by the pilot to control the drone, while the receiver on the drone receives these signals and converts them into electrical signals for the flight controller.
Power Distribution Board (PDB): Manages and distributes power to various electronic components on the drone.
LED Indicators: Used to indicate the drone's operating status.
Obstacle Avoidance System: Detects obstacles and takes evasive actions to prevent collisions.
Frame/Body: The main structure of the drone, often made of lightweight yet strong materials such as carbon fiber or composite plastics. It serves as the backbone, supporting all other components.
Arms: These connect the rotors to the frame, providing the necessary support for the rotors to spin.
Landing Gear: Used to support the drone during takeoff and landing, ensuring a smooth and stable operation on the ground.
Brushless Motors: These provide the power necessary for flight. The speed of the motors determines the amount of lift generated by the rotors.
Electronic Speed Controllers (ESCs): These regulate the speed of the motors, thereby controlling the speed of the rotors. They often come with features like overheat and overcurrent protection to safeguard the motors.
Li-Po Batteries: Lithium-polymer batteries serve as the power source for the motors. They are known for their high energy density, making them suitable for drones. The capacity and voltage rating of these batteries directly impact the flight time and performance of the drone.
Propellers: Installed on the motors, these generate lift through rotation. The size and shape of the propellers have a significant impact on the drone's performance. For instance, larger propellers typically generate more lift but consume more energy.
Flight Controller: The brain of the drone, responsible for receiving data from sensors and calculating the correct control instructions to maintain stable flight.